Prevalence of parkinsonism and Parkinson disease in urban and rural populations from Latin America: A community based study
Fecha
2021-12-10Autor
Llibre-Guerra, Jorge J
Prina, Matthew
Sosa, Ana Luisa
Acosta, Daisy
Jimenez-Velazquez, Ivonne Z.
Guerra, Mariella
Salas, Aquiles
Llibre-Guerra, Juan C
Valvuerdi, Adolfo
Peeters, Geeske
Ziegemeier, Ellen
Acosta, Isaac
Tanner, Caroline
Juncos, Jorge
Llibre Rodriguez, Juan J.
Metadatos
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Age and gender specific prevalence rates for parkinsonism and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are important
to guide research, clinical practice, and public health planning; however, prevalence estimates in Latin America
(LatAm) are limited. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of parkinsonism and PD and examine related risk factors
in a cohort of elderly individuals from Latin America (LatAm). Data from 11,613 adults (65+ years) who participated in a baseline assessment of the 10/66 study and lived
in six LatAm countries were analyzed to estimate parkinsonism and PD prevalence. Crude and age-adjusted prevalence
were determined by sex and country. Diagnosis of PD was established using the UK Parkinson’s Disease Society
Brain Bank’s clinical criteria.
Findings In this cohort, the prevalence of parkinsonism was 8.0% (95% CI 7.6%−8.5%), and the prevalence of PD
was 2.0% (95% CI 1.7%−2.3%). PD prevalence increased with age from 1.0 to 3.5 (65−69vs. 80 years or older,
p < 0.001). Age-adjusted prevalence rates were lower for women than for men. No significant differences were
found across countries, except for lower prevalence in urban areas of Peru. PD was positively associated with depression
(adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.40−3.01, I2 = 56.0%), dementia (aPR 1.57, 95% CI 1.07- 2.32,
I2 = 0.0%) and educational level (aPR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01− 1.29, I2 = 58.6%).
Interpretation The reported prevalence of PD in LatAm is similar to reports from high-income countries (HIC). A
significant proportion of cases with PD did not have a previous diagnosis, nor did they seek any medical or neurological
attention. These findings underscore the need to improve public health programs for populations currently
undergoing rapid demographic aging and epidemiological transition.
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