Perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes con carcinoma ductal IN SITU mama en el Instituto de Oncología Doctor Heriberto Pieter, 2008-2014

Abstract

Se trató de un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo sobre el perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes con carcinoma ductal in situ de mama en el Instituto de Oncología Dr. Heriberto Pieter. 2008-2014; Donde: El carcinoma ductal in situ representa el 0.6 por ciento del total de los canceres mamarios, afectando en un 100.0 por ciento el sexo femenino, en pacientes mayores de 45 años (66.0 %), siendo el 33.3 por ciento de los casos procedente de la región norte del país. Del total de las pacientes el 70.0 por ciento tenía antecedentes oncológicos familiares, siendo el cáncer de mama el principal antecedente en un 38.0 por ciento de los casos. De igual manera, el 60.0 por ciento de las pacientes no tenían antecedentes personales benignos de mama; de las pacientes con patologías benignas de mama, el fibroadenoma y cambios fibroquisticos, predominaron en el 41.7 por ciento de los casos, 66.3 por ciento de los casos tenían hábitos tóxicos, siendo el café el más predominante con un 73.6 por ciento de los casos de hábitos tóxicos. La edad de menarquia estuvo comprendida entre los 12 15 años, en el 50.0 por ciento de los casos. un 70.0 por ciento de las pacientes eran multíparas, no usaron ningún tipo de anticoncepción el 86.6 por ciento de las pacientes. El nódulos hipoecogénico reprensentó el 56.6 por ciento de los hallazgos sonográficos; el BIRADS 4 como hallazgo mamográfico representó el 26.7 por ciento de los casos. Se les realizó biopsia excisional al 70.0 por ciento de los casos, en el 73.3 por ciento de los casos se afectó la mama izquierda, el cuadrante supero externo se afectó en un 60.06 por ciento de los casos. En relación a los marcadores predictivos y pronósticos, el estrógeno y la progesterona, estuvieron presentes en el 78.0 por ciento de los casos, El índice de proliferación, Ki 67 <10, estuvo presente en el 100.0 por ciento de los casos, una clasificación molecular Luminal A en el 75.0 por ciento de los casos. La terapia adyuvante fue a base de Tamoxifeno e inhibidores de aromatasa en el 39.0 por ciento de los casos. La cuadrantectomía fue el procedimiento quirúrgico de elección para el 75.0 por ciento de los casos, se les realizó biopsia por congelación en el 100.0 por ciento de los casos. Los bordes de la pieza quirúrgica fueron positivos en el 91.0 por ciento de las pacientes, a un 55.0 por ciento de las pacientes no se les realizó reintervención quirúrgica; de los cuales al 66.4 por ciento se les realizó ampliación del margen. De las pacientes con cuadrantectomía a 16 se les administro radioterapia posoperatoria.

It was a descriptive, retrospective study on the epidemiological profile of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast at the Institute of Oncology Dr. Heriberto Pieter. 2008-2014; Where: Ductal carcinoma in situ represents 0.6 percent of the total of breast cancers, affecting 100.0 percent of the female sex in patients older than 45 years (66.0%), with 33.3 percent of the cases coming from the region. North of the country. Of all the patients, 70.0 percent had a family history of cancer, with breast cancer being the main antecedent in 38.0 percent of cases. Similarly, 60.0 percent of the patients did not have a benign personal history of breast; of patients with benign breast pathologies, fibroadenoma and fibrocystic changes, predominated in 41.7 percent of cases, 66.3 percent of cases had toxic habits, with coffee being the most predominant with 73.6 percent of cases of toxic habits. The age of menarche was between 12-15 years, in 50.0 percent of cases. 70.0 percent of the patients were multiparous, 86.6 percent of the patients did not use any type of contraception. The hypoechoic nodules accounted for 56.6 percent of the sonographic findings; BIRADS 4 as a mammographic finding represented 26.7 percent of the cases. An excisional biopsy was performed in 70.0 percent of the cases, in 73.3 percent of the cases the left breast was affected, the supero-external quadrant was affected in 60.06 percent of the cases. In relation to predictive and prognostic markers, estrogen and progesterone, were present in 78.0 percent of cases, the proliferation index, Ki 67 <10, was present in 100.0 percent of cases, a molecular classification Luminal A in 75.0 percent of cases. Adjuvant therapy was based on Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors in 39.0 percent of cases. Quadrantectomy was the surgical procedure of choice for 75.0 percent of cases, freezing biopsy was performed in 100.0 percent of cases. The edges of the surgical piece were positive in 91.0 percent of the patients, and 55.0 percent of the patients did not undergo surgical reoperation; of which 66.4 percent were extended the margin. Of the patients with quadrantectomy at 16, postoperative radiotherapy was administered.

It was a descriptive, retrospective study on the epidemiological profile of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast at the Institute of Oncology Dr. Heriberto Pieter. 2008-2014; Where: Ductal carcinoma in situ represents 0.6 percent of the total of breast cancers, affecting 100.0 percent of the female sex in patients older than 45 years (66.0%), with 33.3 percent of the cases coming from the region. North of the country. Of all the patients, 70.0 percent had a family history of cancer, with breast cancer being the main antecedent in 38.0 percent of cases. Similarly, 60.0 percent of the patients did not have a benign personal history of breast; of patients with benign breast pathologies, fibroadenoma and fibrocystic changes, predominated in 41.7 percent of cases, 66.3 percent of cases had toxic habits, with coffee being the most predominant with 73.6 percent of cases of toxic habits. The age of menarche was between 12-15 years, in 50.0 percent of cases. 70.0 percent of the patients were multiparous, 86.6 percent of the patients did not use any type of contraception. The hypoechoic nodules accounted for 56.6 percent of the sonographic findings; BIRADS 4 as a mammographic finding represented 26.7 percent of the cases. An excisional biopsy was performed in 70.0 percent of the cases, in 73.3 percent of the cases the left breast was affected, the supero-external quadrant was affected in 60.06 percent of the cases. In relation to predictive and prognostic markers, estrogen and progesterone, were present in 78.0 percent of cases, the proliferation index, Ki 67 <10, was present in 100.0 percent of cases, a molecular classification Luminal A in 75.0 percent of cases. Adjuvant therapy was based on Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors in 39.0 percent of cases. Quadrantectomy was the surgical procedure of choice for 75.0 percent of cases, freezing biopsy was performed in 100.0 percent of cases. The edges of the surgical piece were positive in 91.0 percent of the patients, and 55.0 percent of the patients did not undergo surgical reoperation; of which 66.4 percent were extended the margin. Of the patients with quadrantectomy at 16, postoperative radiotherapy was administered.