Repuesta al imatinib a mediano a plazo en pacientes con leucemia mieloide crónica en el Instituto Nacional de Cáncer Rosa Emilia Sánchez Pérez de Tavares, Marzo-Agosto, 2019

Abstract

Con el objetivo de determinar la respuesta al tratamiento con imatinib en los pacientes con leucemia mieloide crónica en el Instituto Nacional De Cáncer Rosa Emilia Sánchez Pérez De Tavares (INCART), se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal. Se incluyeron a pacientes con leucemia mieloide crónica gen BCR/ABL+ tratados con imatinib. Se les dio seguimiento mediante hemogramas y QT- PCR para evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento del imatinib, la respuesta hematológica y la respuesta molecular temprana; se utilizó un instrumento de recolección de datos el cual cuenta con variables demográficas tales como, edad, sexo, procedencia; y Variables de seguimiento terapéutico tales como, Hemograma, QT-PCR. Un 73.9 por ciento de los pacientes obtuvieron una respuesta hematológica completa, 17.4 por ciento respuesta hematológica parcial y un 8.7 por ciento nula. En cuanto a los resultados de la respuesta molecular un 26.1 por ciento obtuvo una respuesta molecular mayor, 26.1 por ciento respuesta molecular menor, 8.7 por ciento respuesta molecular mínima y 39.1 por ciento respuesta molecular nula. Según los criterios de la ENLA 2013 el 52.2 por ciento de los pacientes obtuvieron una respuesta óptima, 34.8 por ciento de los pacientes peligro y un 13.0 por ciento fallaron al tratamiento. Los efectos adversos de los pacientes tratados con imatinib fueron de un 30.4 por ciento, se presentaron efectos tales como epigastralgia en un 28.6 por ciento, cefalea 28.6 por ciento, rash cutáneo 28.6 por ciento fatiga 14.3 por ciento, calambres musculares 14.3 por ciento.

In order to determine the response to imatinib treatment in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia at the Rosa Emilia Sánchez Pérez De Tavares National Cancer Institute (INCART), an observational, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia BCR / ABL + gene treated with imatinib were included. They were followed by blood count and QT-PCR to evaluate the response to imatinib treatment, the hematological response and the early molecular response, a data collection instrument is used which has demographic variables such as age, sex, origin; and therapeutic follow-up variables such as, Hemogram, QT-PCR. 73.9 percent of the patients obtained a complete HR, a partial 17.4 percent and a null 8.7 percent. Regarding the results of the molecular response, 26.1 percent obtained a higher MR, 26.1 percent lower RM, 8.7 percent minimal RM and 39.1 percent null RM. According to the ENLA 2013 criteria, 52.2 percent of the patients obtained an optimal response, 34.8 percent of the patients, the danger and 13.0 percent, failed treatment. The adverse effects of patients treated with imatinib were only 30.4 percent, story effects such as epigastralgia were detected in 28.6 percent, headache 28.6 percent, skin rash 20.6 percent fatigue 14.3 percent, muscle cramps 14.3 percent.

In order to determine the response to imatinib treatment in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia at the Rosa Emilia Sánchez Pérez De Tavares National Cancer Institute (INCART), an observational, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia BCR / ABL + gene treated with imatinib were included. They were followed by blood count and QT-PCR to evaluate the response to imatinib treatment, the hematological response and the early molecular response, a data collection instrument is used which has demographic variables such as age, sex, origin; and therapeutic follow-up variables such as, Hemogram, QT-PCR. 73.9 percent of the patients obtained a complete HR, a partial 17.4 percent and a null 8.7 percent. Regarding the results of the molecular response, 26.1 percent obtained a higher MR, 26.1 percent lower RM, 8.7 percent minimal RM and 39.1 percent null RM. According to the ENLA 2013 criteria, 52.2 percent of the patients obtained an optimal response, 34.8 percent of the patients, the danger and 13.0 percent, failed treatment. The adverse effects of patients treated with imatinib were only 30.4 percent, story effects such as epigastralgia were detected in 28.6 percent, headache 28.6 percent, skin rash 20.6 percent fatigue 14.3 percent, muscle cramps 14.3 percent.